Non-Sporting group · Medium

Chow Chow

Lion-mane Chinese breed — clean, reserved, requires early socialization.

DignifiedSerious-mindedAloof

Puppy.College Rating66/ 100

Weight

45–70 lbs

Height

17–20 in

Lifespan

8–12 years

Exercise

20–40 minutes/day

Origin

Multiple regions historically

First-time owner

3/5

Overview

Lion-mane Chinese breed — clean, reserved, requires early socialization.

The Chow Chow is a medium breed in the Non-Sporting group, typically standing 17–20 in and weighing 45–70 lbs. Expect a lifespan of 8–12 years with good preventive care. Personality is best described as dignified, serious-minded, aloof.

Breed history & origin

The Chow Chow traces its origins to Multiple regions historically. Its original purpose — varied — companion, working, and historical roles — shaped almost every physical and temperamental trait still visible in the breed today.

As a medium member of the Non-Sporting group, the Chow Chow was selectively bred for independent decision-making, steady temperament and an even pace. Modern owners describe them as dignified, serious-minded, aloof — qualities deeply rooted in that working heritage.

The breed is recognised by all major kennel clubs in the Non-Sporting group, with a written standard codifying its silhouette, gait, and temperament.

Today the Chow Chow thrives as a companion. It remains one of the more recognisable breeds at North American dog shows and in homes across Canada and the United States, where its combination of dignified and working capability continues to draw new owners every year.

Like every purebred, the Chow Chow carries genetic risks tied to its small founding gene pool. Conscientious modern breeders screen for the conditions listed in the health section below and breed for longevity, structural soundness, and stable temperament — the three pillars of a responsibly preserved breed.

Origin snapshot

Country of origin: Multiple regions historically
Era: Historic
Original purpose: Varied — companion, working, and historical roles
Modern purpose: Companion

Breed timeline

Historic
Chow Chow develops in Multiple regions historically
20th century
Formal kennel club recognition in the Non-Sporting group
Today
Established as a companion

Appearance

Male

Height

18–21 in

Weight

47–74 lbs

Female

Height

16–18 in

Weight

41–64 lbs

Coat length: Long
Coat texture: Dense double coat
Undercoat: Yes — heavy seasonal blow-out
Body: Well-proportioned athletic build

Temperament

Chow Chows are dignified, serious-minded, aloof. With early socialization and positive-reinforcement training in the critical 8–16 week window, they grow into well-adjusted adults that fit a wide range of households.

Exercise & activity

Adult Chow Chows need 20–40 minutes/day, split between leashed walks and off-leash play. Under-exercised dogs of this breed are the #1 source of behaviour complaints — chewing, barking, and pulling.

Grooming & shedding

Chow Chows are high-maintenance coats. Plan on daily brushing and a professional groom every 4–6 weeks.

Heavy shedder. Expect hair on furniture and clothes year-round, with two heavy blow-outs per year.

Nutrition guide

Feed a high-quality all-life-stage or medium-breed puppy formula with balanced calories and DHA for brain development. Chow Chow puppies thrive on 3 measured meals per day until 6 months, then 2 meals. Look for AAFCO statements naming "growth" or "all life stages," and skip filler-heavy grocery brands.

Puppy nutrition

Feed an AAFCO-approved all-life-stages puppy formula. 3 meals/day until 6 months, then 2/day.

Adult nutrition

Adult Chow Chows do well on a high-quality kibble (≥ 25% protein, ≤ 15% fat) split into two meals. Free-feeding is the #1 cause of obesity in this breed.

Senior nutrition

From age 8, transition to a senior formula with glucosamine/chondroitin and reduced calories.

Daily calories (adult)

700–1,000 kcal/day

Common allergies: Most common triggers in this breed: chicken, beef, dairy, wheat. A novel-protein diet (duck, salmon, venison) helps if itching or GI issues persist.

Never feed:

• Grapes & raisins
• Chocolate
• Onions & garlic
• Xylitol (peanut butter labels!)
• Cooked bones
• Macadamia nuts

Training guide

Housebreaking

Crate-train from day 1. Chow Chow puppies can hold their bladder roughly (age in months) hours — set a timer and take them out after every nap, meal, and play session.

Crate training

Use a crate just large enough to stand and turn around. Never use it as punishment. Most Chow Chows accept the crate within 2 weeks with kong-and-meal pairing.

Obedience

Chow Chows have an independent streak. Keep sessions ≤ 5 minutes, very high-value rewards, and end on a win.

Socialisation

Critical window is 8–16 weeks. Aim for 100 new people, 50 new dogs, and 25 new environments before 4 months — vaccinated, controlled, positive exposures only.

Advanced training

Focus on rock-solid basics first; advanced sports work best from 18+ months with this breed.

Common mistakes to avoid

×Skipping puppy class because the dog ‘seems fine’
×Using punishment for fear-based behaviour (escalates it)
×Repeating the cue word — say it once, then enforce
×Free-feeding (kills food motivation for training)

Health database

Lifespan: 8–12 years. Below are the conditions vets most commonly screen for in this breed — for education only, always consult your veterinarian.

Hip dysplasia risk

Lower than average

Elbow dysplasia risk

Low

Eye disease risk

Standard screening recommended

Cancer risk

Average

Dental risk

Average

Annual vet cost

$500–$900 CAD

Common health concerns

▸Dental disease
▸Obesity (over-feeding)
▸Patellar luxation

Recommended screening

▸Patella evaluation
▸CERF / OFA eye exam
▸Cardiac auscultation
▸Skin & coat dermatology check

Educational only — always consult your veterinarian.

Living requirements

Apartment: Workable
House: Yes — ideal
Urban: Strong
Rural / farm: Strong
Cold weather: Excellent — built for cold
Hot weather: Sensitive — limit midday activity in summer
Barking level: Average
Separation anxiety: Average
Escape risk: Average
Space: Apartment OK with daily exercise

Cost of ownership (Canada)

Reputable Canadian breeders typically charge $1,800–$3,500 for a Chow Chow puppy. Plan for $2,000–$3,400 in annual cost of ownership covering food, vet visits, insurance, training, and grooming.

Puppy purchase

$1,800–$3,500

Annual all-in

$2,000–$3,400

Insurance

$45–$90 / month CAD

Pros & cons

Pros

+Loyal, devoted companion when needs are met

Cons

−Heavy year-round shedding
−High grooming costs — professional groom every 4–6 weeks
−Better matched to adults-only or older-kid households

Ideal owner profile

Seniors and slower-paced households

Fun facts

1.Chow Chows live 8–12 years on average with good preventive care.
2.Adults stand 17–20 in and weigh 45–70 lbs.
3.Daily exercise needs: 20–40 minutes/day.
4.Classified in the Non-Sporting group.

Chow Chow vs popular breeds

Trait	Chow Chow	Labrador Retriever	Golden Retriever	German Shepherd	French Bulldog	Poodle (Standard)
Size	Medium	Large	Large	Large	Small	Large
Lifespan	8–12 years	11–13 years	10–12 years	9–13 years	10–12 years	10–18 years
Energy	2/5	5/5	4/5	5/5	2/5	4/5
Trainability	3/5	5/5	5/5	5/5	3/5	5/5
Family-friendly	2/5	5/5	5/5	4/5	4/5	5/5
Apartment	3/5	2/5	2/5	2/5	5/5	3/5
Shedding	4/5	4/5	4/5	5/5	3/5	1/5
Exercise	20–40 minutes/day	60–90 minutes/day	60–90 minutes/day	60–90 minutes/day	20–40 minutes/day	60–90 minutes/day

Frequently asked

Chow Chow — 30 questions answered.

Are Chow Chows good family dogs?+

Chow Chows score 2/5 for family friendliness. They tend to suit adults or older children better than busy toddler households.

Are Chow Chows good for first-time owners?+

Chow Chows rank 3/5 for first-time owners. Consider a puppy class and a trainer mentor before bringing one home.

How much exercise does a Chow Chow need?+

How much does a Chow Chow puppy cost in Canada?+

Reputable Canadian breeders charge $1,800–$3,500 for a well-bred Chow Chow puppy. Adoption through breed-specific rescues runs $400–$900.

What's the annual cost of owning a Chow Chow?+

Plan for $2,000–$3,400 CAD per year covering food, vet care, insurance, training, and grooming.

Do Chow Chows shed a lot?+

Heavy shedder. Expect hair on furniture and clothes year-round, with two heavy blow-outs per year.

Are Chow Chows hypoallergenic?+

No — Chow Chows shed dander and hair like most breeds. ‘Hypoallergenic’ is a myth; severity varies by individual.

How long do Chow Chows live?+

Typical lifespan is 8–12 years. Lean body weight and routine vet care add years.

What health problems are Chow Chows prone to?+

Most commonly: Dental disease, Obesity (over-feeding), Patellar luxation. Buy from a breeder who screens for these and provides documentation.

Are Chow Chows good apartment dogs?+

Not ideal — Chow Chows prefer a yard or open space.

How often should I groom my Chow Chow?+

Chow Chows are high-maintenance coats. Plan on daily brushing and a professional groom every 4–6 weeks.

How smart is a Chow Chow?+

Chow Chows rank 3/5 for trainability — in the average range. They learn best with short, motivated sessions.

Are Chow Chows good with kids?+

Chow Chows do best with respectful older kids. Supervise all dog-child interactions regardless of breed.

Are Chow Chows good with cats and other dogs?+

Varies by individual — early socialisation and slow introductions are essential.

Can Chow Chows be left alone?+

Yes — most Chow Chows handle moderate alone time when properly conditioned.

Do Chow Chows bark a lot?+

Average barking. Most Chow Chows alert to strangers but settle quickly.

How big do Chow Chows get?+

Adults typically stand 17–20 in and weigh 45–70 lbs.

What should I feed a Chow Chow puppy?+

Feed an AAFCO-approved all-life-stages puppy formula. 3 meals/day until 6 months, then 2/day.

How many calories does an adult Chow Chow need?+

Roughly 700–1,000 kcal/day for an average-activity adult. Active or working dogs need 20–40% more.

When does a Chow Chow stop growing?+

Around 12–15 months.

How do I housebreak a Chow Chow?+

Crate-train from day 1. Chow Chow puppies can hold their bladder roughly (age in months) hours — set a timer and take them out after every nap, meal, and play session.

Do Chow Chows do well in cold weather?+

Excellent — built for cold

Do Chow Chows tolerate hot weather?+

Sensitive — limit midday activity in summer

Are Chow Chows good guard dogs?+

Yes — natural protective instincts and an imposing presence make them good watchdogs.

Do Chow Chows like water and swimming?+

Varies by individual; start in shallow water with a flotation vest.

Can Chow Chows do agility or dog sports?+

Possible, but recall and focus take longer to develop in this breed.

Are male or female Chow Chows better?+

No meaningful temperament difference at the breed level — individual personality, socialisation, and training matter far more than sex.

Should I get pet insurance for a Chow Chow?+

Strongly recommended. Expect $45–$90 / month CAD for accident & illness coverage.

What questions should I ask a Chow Chow breeder?+

Health clearances on both parents (hips, elbows, eyes, cardiac as applicable), the right to return the dog at any age, contract terms, references from previous puppy buyers, and a meet-and-greet with the dam.

Where can I adopt a Chow Chow in Canada?+

Start with breed-specific rescues on Petfinder.ca and the Canadian Kennel Club's breed club referrals, then check provincial humane societies.

What's the difference between Canadian, American, and European Chow Chow lines?+

Bloodlines differ in size, structure, and working drive. North American show lines are typically larger and calmer; European working lines are leaner and drivier. Ask the breeder which lines they breed and why.

Chow Chow curriculum